Volume-2 ,Issue-6, June- 2026

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive liver cancer with limited treatment success using conventional therapy. Sorafenib, though clinically used, is limited by poor solubility, low bioavailability, and systemic toxicity. In the present study, sorafenib-loaded quantum dots were developed as a novel nanocarrier system to improve targeted delivery and therapeutic efficacy. Quantum dots were prepared by a hydrothermal method and optimized for drug loading, particle size, and stability. The formulations were evaluated for physicochemical properties, in-vitro drug release, cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells, and in-vivo anticancer activity in BALB/c nude mice. The optimized formulation showed nanoscale particle size, high entrapment efficiency, and sustained drug release. In-vitro studies demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicity compared to free sorafenib, while in-vivo results showed significant tumor growth inhibition with reduced toxicity. Stability studies confirmed acceptable physicochemical stability under storage conditions. Overall, sorafenib-loaded quantum dots exhibited improved therapeutic performance and safety, indicating strong potential for targeted HCC therapy.

Keyword: Sorafenib, Quantum dots, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Nanoparticles, Targeted drug delivery, Hydrothermal synthesis